Resources and Development (Geography) — Important Questions
47 questions
With answersCBSE format
SUMMARY: The chapter "Resources and Development" in Class 10 Geography discusses the classification, distribution, and sustainable management of resources in India. KEY TOPICS: Types of resources, resource planning, land resources, soil types and distribution, land degradation, conservation measures, sustainable development, resource management.
Which soil type is found in the Himalayan region and is rich in organic matter?
ABlack soil
BRed soil
CMountain soil
DLaterite soil
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Correct answer: Option 3 — Mountain soil
Q81 Mark
Which of the following is a non-renewable resource?
ASolar energy
BWind energy
CCoal
DWater
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Correct answer: Option 3 — Coal
Q91 Mark
The process of soil erosion can be minimized by which of the following practices?
ACrop rotation
BOvergrazing
CDeforestation
DUrbanization
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Correct answer: Option 1 — Crop rotation
Q101 Mark
Which of the following is a characteristic of alluvial soil?
AHigh acidity
BRich in nutrients
CPoor drainage
DLow fertility
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Correct answer: Option 2 — Rich in nutrients
Q111 Mark
What is the impact of urbanization on land resources?
AIncreases agricultural land
BReduces green cover
CEnhances biodiversity
DImproves soil quality
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Correct answer: Option 2 — Reduces green cover
Q121 Mark
Which of the following is a method of soil conservation?
AContour plowing
BIntensive farming
CMonoculture
DChemical fertilizers
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Correct answer: Option 1 — Contour plowing
Q131 Mark
Which resource is considered renewable?
ANatural gas
BPetroleum
CWind energy
DCoal
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Correct answer: Option 3 — Wind energy
Q141 Mark
What is the main consequence of land degradation?
AIncreased agricultural productivity
BLoss of biodiversity
CImproved soil fertility
DEnhanced water retention
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Correct answer: Option 2 — Loss of biodiversity
Q151 Mark
Which of the following practices can lead to sustainable resource management?
AExcessive mining
BWater conservation
CDeforestation
DUrban expansion
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Correct answer: Option 2 — Water conservation
Short Answer Questions10 questions
Q163 Marks
What are the main types of resources classified in the chapter?
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The main types of resources classified in the chapter are natural resources, human resources, and human-made resources. Natural resources are further divided into renewable and non-renewable resources.
Q173 Marks
Explain the significance of resource planning in India.
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Resource planning is crucial in India as it ensures the optimal utilization of resources, helps in sustainable development, and addresses regional disparities. It aids in balancing the demand and supply of resources for economic growth.
Q183 Marks
List the major types of soil found in India and one characteristic of each.
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The major types of soil in India include alluvial soil (fertile and suitable for agriculture), black soil (retains moisture, ideal for cotton), red soil (rich in iron, suitable for crops like millets), and laterite soil (rich in minerals, used for building materials).
Q193 Marks
What is land degradation and what are its causes?
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Land degradation refers to the decline in land quality and productivity due to various factors. Its causes include deforestation, overgrazing, urbanization, and poor agricultural practices.
Q203 Marks
Describe two conservation measures to combat land degradation.
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Two conservation measures to combat land degradation are afforestation, which involves planting trees to restore forest cover, and contour plowing, which helps in reducing soil erosion by following the natural contours of the land.
Q213 Marks
What is sustainable development and why is it important?
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Sustainable development is the practice of meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It is important as it promotes resource conservation and ensures ecological balance.
Q223 Marks
How does urbanization contribute to resource depletion?
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Urbanization contributes to resource depletion by increasing demand for land, water, and energy resources. This rapid growth often leads to over-extraction and unsustainable use of natural resources, resulting in depletion.
Q233 Marks
Explain the concept of resource management and its importance in India.
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Resource management involves the strategic planning and use of resources to meet current and future needs. In India, effective resource management is vital for sustainable development, economic growth, and environmental protection.
Q243 Marks
What are the impacts of soil erosion on agriculture?
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Soil erosion negatively impacts agriculture by reducing soil fertility, leading to lower crop yields. It can also cause sedimentation in water bodies, affecting irrigation and water quality.
Q253 Marks
Identify and explain one renewable and one non-renewable resource.
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One renewable resource is solar energy, which is abundant and can be replenished naturally. A non-renewable resource is coal, which is finite and takes millions of years to form, making it unsustainable for long-term use.
Long Answer Questions6 questions
Q266 Marks
Explain the different types of resources and provide examples for each type. How does this classification help in understanding resource management?
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Resources can be classified into various types such as natural resources, human-made resources, renewable resources, and non-renewable resources. Natural resources are derived from the environment, such as water, minerals, and forests. Human-made resources include buildings and machinery created by humans. Renewable resources can be replenished naturally, like solar energy and wind energy, whereas non-renewable resources, such as fossil fuels, are finite. This classification aids in resource management by helping policymakers prioritize conservation efforts and sustainable practices based on the nature and availability of each resource.
Q276 Marks
Discuss the significance of resource planning in India. What are the key factors that need to be considered in this planning process?
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Resource planning is crucial in India due to its diverse geography and varying resource distribution. It involves assessing the availability of resources, understanding the needs of the population, and ensuring sustainable use. Key factors to consider include population growth, technological advancements, environmental sustainability, and socio-economic conditions. Effective resource planning can lead to improved agricultural productivity, better water management, and enhanced energy security, ultimately contributing to national development.
Q286 Marks
Describe the different types of soil found in India and their distribution. How do these soil types affect agricultural practices in the country?
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India has several types of soil, including alluvial, black, red, laterite, and desert soils. Alluvial soil, found in the Indo-Gangetic plains, is fertile and supports intensive agriculture. Black soil, prevalent in the Deccan Plateau, is ideal for cotton cultivation. Red soil, found in southern and eastern India, is less fertile but supports various crops. Laterite soil, found in hilly areas, is suitable for plantation crops. The distribution of these soils affects agricultural practices, as different crops thrive in specific soil types, influencing the overall agricultural output of the country.
Q296 Marks
What are the major causes of land degradation in India? Discuss the impact of land degradation on the environment and economy.
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Land degradation in India is primarily caused by deforestation, overgrazing, industrialization, and unsustainable agricultural practices. These activities lead to soil erosion, loss of fertility, and desertification. The impact of land degradation is significant, resulting in reduced agricultural productivity, loss of biodiversity, and increased vulnerability to natural disasters. Economically, it affects farmers' livelihoods and can lead to food insecurity, thereby posing a challenge to sustainable development in the country.
Q306 Marks
Explain the concept of sustainable development in the context of resource management. How can India achieve sustainable development?
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Sustainable development refers to meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. In the context of resource management, it involves using resources judiciously and ensuring their regeneration. India can achieve sustainable development by adopting practices such as afforestation, promoting renewable energy sources, implementing water conservation techniques, and encouraging sustainable agricultural practices. Policies that integrate economic growth with environmental protection are essential for achieving this balance.
Q316 Marks
What are the conservation measures that can be adopted to combat land degradation in India? Discuss their importance.
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Conservation measures to combat land degradation in India include afforestation, soil conservation techniques, sustainable agricultural practices, and the establishment of protected areas. Afforestation helps restore lost vegetation, while soil conservation techniques such as contour plowing and terracing prevent soil erosion. Sustainable agricultural practices, like crop rotation and organic farming, enhance soil health. These measures are important as they not only restore degraded land but also improve biodiversity, enhance water retention, and contribute to food security.
Assertion–Reason Questions8 questions
Q321 Mark
Assertion (A): Resources can be classified into renewable and non-renewable resources.
Reason (R): Renewable resources can be replenished naturally over time.
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Correct answer: Option 1 —
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q331 Mark
Assertion (A): Land degradation is primarily caused by deforestation and overgrazing.
Reason (R): These activities lead to soil erosion and loss of fertility.
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Correct answer: Option 1 —
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q341 Mark
Assertion (A): Soil types in India include sandy, clayey, and loamy soils.
Reason (R): Soil types are determined by their texture and composition.
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Correct answer: Option 1 —
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q351 Mark
Assertion (A): Resource planning is essential for sustainable development.
Reason (R): Sustainable development aims to meet the needs of the present without compromising future generations.
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Correct answer: Option 1 —
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q361 Mark
Assertion (A): All types of resources are evenly distributed across India.
Reason (R): Geographical factors influence the distribution of resources.
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Correct answer: Option 4 —
A is false, but R is true.
Q371 Mark
Assertion (A): Conservation measures are only necessary for non-renewable resources.
Reason (R): Renewable resources also require conservation to maintain ecological balance.
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Correct answer: Option 3 —
A is true, but R is false.
Q381 Mark
Assertion (A): The classification of resources helps in effective resource management.
Reason (R): Effective management can lead to sustainable use of resources.
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Correct answer: Option 1 —
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q391 Mark
Assertion (A): Soil erosion can be prevented by planting trees.
Reason (R): Trees help in binding the soil and reducing surface runoff.
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Correct answer: Option 1 —
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Statement-Based Questions8 questions
Q401 Mark
Statement 1: Resources can be classified into renewable and non-renewable resources.
Statement 2: Land resources are only classified based on their physical characteristics.
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Correct answer: Option 2 —
Only Statement 1 is true.
Q411 Mark
Statement 1: Soil erosion is a major cause of land degradation.
Statement 2: Land degradation can be reversed through proper conservation measures.
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Correct answer: Option 1 —
Both statements are true.
Q421 Mark
Statement 1: Sustainable development aims to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Statement 2: Resource planning is unnecessary for sustainable development.
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Correct answer: Option 3 —
Only Statement 2 is true.
Q431 Mark
Statement 1: The major types of soil found in India include alluvial, black, red, and laterite soils.
Statement 2: Soil types do not affect agricultural productivity.
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Correct answer: Option 2 —
Only Statement 1 is true.
Q441 Mark
Statement 1: Resource management involves the careful use of resources to prevent depletion.
Statement 2: All resources are equally available in all regions of India.
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Correct answer: Option 4 —
Both statements are false.
Q451 Mark
Statement 1: Land resources are limited and need to be managed sustainably.
Statement 2: Urbanization has no impact on land resources.
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Correct answer: Option 3 —
Only Statement 2 is true.
Q461 Mark
Statement 1: Conservation measures can help in restoring degraded land.
Statement 2: Deforestation does not contribute to soil degradation.
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Correct answer: Option 2 —
Only Statement 1 is true.
Q471 Mark
Statement 1: Non-renewable resources can be replenished over time.
Statement 2: Fossil fuels are considered non-renewable resources.
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Correct answer: Option 2 —
Only Statement 1 is true.
